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Starting from the state-of-the-art of Fintech development, this study aims to propose some research propositions comparing reward-crowdfunding (RCF) and equity-crowdfunding (ECF). In this sense, the present research provides a comprehensive analysis of fintech development and – to conceptualize the comparison between RCF and ECF – it focuses on campaigns’ characteristics, aims and post-campaigns scenarios.

All the research propositions related to the comparison between RCF and ECF are rooted in dedicated literature. The methodological approach adopted in the present paper can be referred to theorizing.

This study suggests that five key elements characterize the development of fintech: regulation, infrastructure, technologies, finance and innovations. The research provides nine propositions: four related to the campaigns’ characteristics; two related to the use of crowdfunding models by entrepreneurs; and three related to the performance of crowdfunded companies.

By offering nine research propositions, this study is expected to foster and support the investigation of fintech development from an entrepreneurial and managerial point of view.

To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to explore the fintech development and to propose a comparative approach between RCF and ECF. This research contributes to the current debate on fintech development as well as on the comparison between crowdfunding models.

Customers are increasingly using mobile applications (apps) to compare prices of travel and hospitality services and to purchase their itineraries, tours and stays. This study aims to explore key factors affecting the individuals’ perceptions on the usefulness of travel apps and sheds light on the causal paths predicting the individuals’ dispositions to use them.

Quantitative data was gathered from 1,320 research participants, who were members of popular social media groups. They were analyzed through a composite-based partial least squares approach.

The results confirm that information quality, source credibility and the functionality of travel apps are significantly affecting the individuals’ perceptions about their usefulness as well as their intentions to continue using them in future. They also indicate that there are highly significant indirect effects within the information technology adoption model.

This study integrates the information quality and source credibility factors from the information adoption model (IAM) with a functionality construct that was drawn from electronic service quality. This study examines their effects on the technology acceptance model (TAM)’s perceived usefulness and behavioral intentions.

This research implies that there is scope for the travel service providers to enhance the quality and functionality of their mobile apps to improve their consumers’ perceptions about the utilitarian value of these ubiquitous technologies.

This contribution raises awareness on the importance of incorporating a functionality construct in addition to IAM and/or TAM “usability” factors to better understand the individuals’ dispositions to avail themselves of online content and/or to adopt interactive innovations. In this case, it implies that certain functionality features of travel apps, including their responsiveness and technical capabilities, can trigger users to increase their engagement with these mobile technologies on a habitual basis.

客户越来越多地使用移动应用程序 (apps) 来比较旅行和酒店服务的价格, 并购买他们的行程、旅游和住宿。 本研究探讨了影响个人对旅行应用程序有用性看法的关键因素, 并阐明了预测个人使用这些应用程序的倾向的因果路径。

本研究从 1,320 名流行社交媒体团体的成员作为研究参与者收集了定量数据。 通过基于复合材料的偏最小二乘法 (PLS) 方法对它们进行了分析。

结果证实, 信息质量、来源可信度和旅游应用程序的功能显着影响个人对其有用性的看法以及他们未来继续使用它们的意图。 它们还表明, 信息技术采用模型 (ITAM) 中存在非常显着的间接影响。

这项研究表明, 旅游服务提供商可以提高其移动应用程序的质量和功能, 以提高消费者对这些无处不在的技术的实用价值的看法。

本研究将来自信息采用模型 (IAM) 的信息质量和来源可信度因素与从电子服务质量 (eSERVQUAL) 中提取的功能结构相结合。 本研究检查了它们对技术接受模型 (TAM) 的感知有用性和行为意图的影响。

这一贡献提高了人们对在 IAM 和/或 TAM“可用性”因素之外加入功能结构的重要性的认识, 以更好地了解个人利用在线内容和/或采用交互式创新的倾向。 在这种情况下, 这意味着旅游应用程序的某些功能特性（包括响应能力和技术能力）可以触发用户习惯性地增加对这些移动技术的参与。

A number of hospitality businesses are understaffed and are experiencing severe labor shortages, in various contexts. In many cases, hotels and restaurants are finding it difficult to retain and recruit motivated employees. In this light, this research uses key constructs related to the self-determination theory and integrates them with a responsible human resources management (HRM) measure, to investigate the antecedents of organizational commitment. The underlying objective of this study is to shed light on employee psychology and on responsible organizational behaviors in the hospitality industry.

Primary data were captured through an online questionnaire distributed via popular LinkedIn groups that represent hospitality employees. A composite-based structural equations modeling approach was used to confirm the reliability and validity of the chosen factors and to shed light on the causal paths of this contribution’s proposed model.

The results indicate that there are highly significant direct and indirect effects in this study, particularly between extrinsic motivations – organizational commitment and between responsible HRM – organizational commitment. These relationships are mediated by intrinsic motivations.

This contribution advances a robust responsible organizational behavior model comprising responsible HRM, extrinsic rewards, intrinsic motivation and organizational commitment.

This research implies that practitioners ought to incentivize and reward hardworking employees, in a commensurate manner, to offer them great working environments as well as appropriate conditions of employment, to enhance their loyalty, minimize turnover rates and to attract promising talent.

This empirical study incorporates a responsible HRM construct with extrinsic and intrinsic motivations. It confirms that they are significant antecedents of organizational commitment. Unlike previous research, this contribution focuses on employee psychology as well as on strategic organizational behaviors during a time when tourism businesses are experiencing an increase in demand for their services, in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. It raises awareness on the industry’s perennial challenges in attracting and retaining employees.

许多酒店业都面临劳动力短缺。一些酒店和餐馆人手不足。在许多情况下, 他们发现很难留住和招聘有积极性的员工。有鉴于此, 本研究使用与自决理论 (SDT) 相关的关键结构, 并将它们与负责任的人力资源管理 (HRM) 措施相结合, 以调查员工的组织承诺。

主要数据是通过代表酒店员工的热门 LinkedIn 群组分发的在线问卷获取的。利用基于复合材料的结构方程建模方法来确认所选因素的可靠性和有效性, 并阐明该模型的因果路径。

结果表明, 本研究中存在非常显着的直接和间接影响, 特别是在外在动机 - 组织承诺和负责任的 HRM - 组织承诺之间。这些关系由内在动机调节。

这项研究表明, 从业者应该以相称的方式激励和奖励勤奋的员工, 为他们提供良好的工作环境和适当的就业条件, 培养人力资源的忠诚度, 尽量减少他们的离职率, 并吸引有前途的人才。

这一贡献推进了一个强大的负责任的组织行为 (ROB) 模型, 包括负责任的人力资源管理、外在奖励、内在动机和组织承诺。

据作者所知, 没有其他研究将负责任的 HRM 结构与外在和内在动机结合起来, 并将它们视为组织承诺的重要前因。与之前的研究不同, 这篇文章的重点是在冠状病毒 (COVID-19) 大流行之后旅游企业对其服务的需求增加期间的员工心理以及组织行为。它提高了人们对该行业在吸引和留住员工方面长期存在的挑战的认识。

Una gran parte de las empresas hosteleras carecen de personal suficiente y experimentan una grave escasez de mano de obra, en diversos contextos. En muchos casos, los hoteles y restaurantes tienen dificultades para retener y contratar a empleados motivados. En vista de ello, esta investigación utiliza constructos clave relacionados con la teoría de la autodeterminación (TAD) y los integra con una medida de gestión responsable de los recursos humanos (GRH), para investigar el compromiso de la organización de los empleados de hostelería.

Los datos primarios se obtuvieron mediante un cuestionario en línea distribuido a través de grupos populares de LinkedIn que representan a empleados de hostelería. Se utilizó un enfoque de modelización de ecuaciones estructurales basado en compuestos para confirmar la fiabilidad y validez de los factores elegidos y arrojar luz sobre las vías causales del modelo propuesto en esta contribución.

Los resultados indican que en este estudio existen efectos directos e indirectos altamente significativos, en particular entre las motivaciones extrínsecas - el compromiso de la organización y entre la GRH responsable – el compromiso organizacional. Estas relaciones están mediadas por las motivaciones intrínsecas.

Esta contribución avanza un modelo robusto de Comportamiento Organizacional Responsable (ROB) que comprende la GRH responsable, las recompensas extrínsecas, la motivación intrínseca y el compromiso de la organización.

Esta investigación implica que los profesionales deben incentivar y recompensar a los empleados más trabajadores, de forma proporcionada, para ofrecerles entornos de trabajo idóneos, así como condiciones de empleo adecuadas, con el fin de aumentar su lealtad, minimizar las tasas de rotación y atraer a talentos prometedores.

Este estudio empírico incorpora un constructo de GRH responsable con motivaciones extrínsecas e intrínsecas. Confirma que son antecedentes significativos del compromiso de la organización. A diferencia de investigaciones anteriores, esta contribución se centra en la psicología de los empleados, así como en los comportamientos organizativos estratégicos en un momento en el que las empresas turísticas están experimentando un aumento de la demanda de sus servicios, tras la pandemia del coronavirus (COVID-19). Asimismo, sensibiliza sobre los retos perennes de la industria a la hora de atraer y retener a los empleados.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the main benefits and risks of knowledge visualization in the current digital age.

The paper is based on a qualitative and explorative research to frame the benefits and risks of knowledge visualization. The emerging views of 57 small and medium-sized entrepreneurs (SMEs) managers are examined.

The findings reveal both benefits and risks related to knowledge visualization. The two aggregate dimensions (i.e. benefits and risks) are supported by six second-order and five second-order categories, respectively. On one side, the main benefits highlighted in the study are related to: stakeholder engagement, flexibility, knowledge transfer, signaling role, agility and interactivity; on the other side, the risks identified are related to: complexity, absorptive capacity, divergences, capabilities and ineffectiveness.

The research highlights novel insights in the emerging field of knowledge visualization and extends current literature. It provides useful implication from both a theoretical and practical point of view.

External knowledge is a key resource for the success and the survival of born global firms; however, existing models provide minimal evidence on how these firms should source this knowledge resource. Thus, the purpose of this research is to increase understanding on the impact of diverse knowledge search and knowledge formal protection in international new ventures (INVs).

The study uses a quantitative methodology based on a sample of start-ups from the Spanish Community Innovation Survey data. Using ordinary least squares regressions on a 10-year period panel data, this research tests the moderator role of a heterogeneous base of international partners and formal knowledge appropriation strategy on the relationship between start-ups and their export performance.

The results show that compared to non-born global start-ups, born global firms benefit more from establishing relationships with a set of heterogeneous international partners. By contrast, all start-ups benefit from an extensive appropriation strategy if they establish such alliances with diverse international partners.

The study extends current theory on international entrepreneurship by providing a new theoretical framework for INVs of both the extensive use of formal mechanisms of knowledge protection and the access to heterogeneous and distant knowledge. This study has also several implications for knowledge management domain.

This paper aims to investigate whether and to what extent equity crowdfunding (ECF) is able to build enduring businesses. This research explores the post-campaign growth of equity-crowdfunded companies and analyses the impact of intellectual capital (IC) on their growth. To achieve the above aim, we provide a theoretical framework that includes the three well-known dimensions of IC – i.e. human, structural and relational capital – as independent variables and company growth, meant as sales and employment growth, as dependent variable.

This research uses a quantitative methodology based on two regression analyses. The authors use hand-collected data on 51 successful equity-crowdfunded projects listed on seven Italian platforms.

The authors find that three variables, namely prior industry experience (human-capital), product innovation (structural-capital) and equity offered (relational-capital) are significant and positively related to the growth of equity-crowdfunded companies. In particular, prior industry experience positively influences sales growth; product innovation positively influences employment growth. Equity offered, instead, has a strong positive impact on both sales and employment growth. Companies that offer a larger percentage of equity during the campaign disclose higher probabilities of growth.

The study has useful implications for several stakeholders, in particular, founders, platform managers, crowdfunders, policy makers and authorities.

The results shed some light on the nascent research field related to post-campaign scenarios of equity-crowdfunded companies. This paper is the first to explore the impact of IC on the growth of companies funded through ECF.

The aim of this paper is to investigate how social media use (SMU) affects the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and entrepreneurial opportunities (EOP) of start-ups.

The hypothesis testing and analysis were conducted using the partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

The research shows that SMU has a strong positive impact on EOP, while it has no impact on start-ups' EO. Interestingly, the impact of SMU on EOP is stronger than the impact of EO on EOP.

The findings add new knowledge to the emerging research stream that focuses on SMU in the context of entrepreneurship and provides useful insights for both scholars and practitioners. In particular, the evidence suggests implications for stakeholders with regard to their firms' entrepreneurial activities. This research offers several possible avenues for future research.